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History of Steam on the Erie Canal

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horse-movement, leaving the _Baxter_ in debt for her entire cost of movement, for her entire time, and an excess in addition. Again, suppose _Baxter's_ were multiplied and _reduced to horse-boat regulations_, then she would have to make eleven trips to deliver at tidewater the freight of nine horse-trips--as 11 x 7,200 = 9 x 8,800. This she cannot do in the _same time_, nor can she do it at the _same expense_. Her necessity for the two extra trips would destroy her economy and practicability, or her competitive abilities as against horses. Hence she is obviously and largely deficient in economy as compared to first-class horse-boat. The _Wm. Newman_ run 5,000 miles from May 17th to November 7th, carrying in the aggregate 2,330 tons of freight. Her time is 5-2/3 months; her mileage is five round trips from Buffalo to and from New York, by the canal 1,000 miles round, each; her freightage is (5 x 210 or) 1,050 tons down and (5 x 120 or) about 600 tons up, total 1,650 tons This amount carried indicates a towage of two boats down with full freight, and up, through the canal, with half freight; all of which make her aggregate tonnage. If we allow one and two-thirds months for her towing trip, and leave four months for her four round trips, or a run of 4,000 miles, delivering in New York (4 x 210 or) 840 tons, and in Buffalo (4 x 120 or) 480 tons, total 1,320 tons, it may be supposed nearly correct in the absence of details.
The Knight of the Golden Melice A Historical Romance

CHAPTER I. Come on, Sir! now you set your foot on shore, _In novo orbe_. BEN JONSON'S _Alchemist_. Our tale begins within a few years after the end of the first quarter of the 17th century, at Boston, in Massachusetts, then in the infancy of its settlement. On an evening in the month of May, were assembled some seven or eight men around a table, in a long, low room, the sides only of which were plastered, the rough beams and joists overhead being exposed to view; the windows were small, and the floor without a carpet; and the furniture consisted of the table, over which was spread a black cloth, whereupon stood several lighted candles in brass candlesticks, of a dozen chairs, covered with russet-colored leather, and of some wooden benches, ranged against the walls, and which were occupied by various persons. At one end of the apartment the floor was raised a few
A horse-boat, in same time and circumstances, would have made the 4,000 miles and have delivered in New York (4 x 244 or) 976 tons, and at Buffalo (4 x 120 or) 480 tons, total 1,456 tons. Excess of down freight 136 tons, equivalent to 4,850 bushels of corn. To make this wantage of freight good, requires nearly two-thirds of a full cargo, or of a full round trip. Hence, she is obviously and largely deficient in economy, as compared to a first-class horse-boat. _Therefore steam in 1872 is less economical than horses_. HORSE-BOAT TIMES. Under another view of the case we have the following relations of horses and steam to show that steam in 1872 is less economical than horses. The captain of the _Vosburg_ states that he left West Troy in Oct., carrying over 100 tons of freight, after the _Baxter_ had left there for Buffalo, _and with two mule teams_, alternating one with the other every six hours, he arrived at Buffalo in advance of the _Baxter_; _through time less than the Baxter's shortest time_. "Net time" not stated. Publishing _net time_ of steamers instead of total or through time, is deceptive, and creates a false impression with the community. Had not the through time of steamers this season been suppressed, the governor of the